试论费正清对中共革命及社会建设的认识

John K. Fairbank's Understanding of the Chinese Revolution and Social Construction and Its Evolution

费正清不仅是美国著名的中国史专家,同时也是中共革命及社会主义建设的见证者和记录者。基于自己的切身体验和观察思考,费正清对中华人民共和国的认识几经变化:新中国成立前,迷恋与赞赏中共革命;新中国建立初期,拒绝与仇视中共革命及社会主义建设;进入1950年代中后期,对中共领导的社会主义建设持不确定与批判的态度;中美关系解冻后,则转变为承认并理解中共革命及社会主义建设。费正清对中华人民共和国认识的嬗变,启示我们必须正确、理性的看待西方学者对中国革命和社会主义建设的评价。

John K. Fairbank is not only a well-known American historian studying Chinese history, but also a witness and recorder of Chinese Revolution and socialist construction. Based on his personal experience and observation, his understanding changed several times on the Chinese revolution and social construction. Before the founding of New China, he liked and appreciated Chinese revolution. At the beginning of new China, he refused and hated Chinese revolution and socialist construction. In the late 1950s, he held an uncertain and critical attitude toward the Chinese socialist construction;. After the thawing of Sino-US relations, he began to recognize and understand the Chinese revolution and socialist construction. The change in his understanding of the Chinese revolution and social construction teaches revolution and socialist construction.