苏联特权现象演化逻辑与反对特权困境

Development Logic of Privilege of the Soviet Union and Its Dilemma of Opposing Privilege

苏联的特权现象经过了干部待遇特殊化、特殊待遇扩大化、干部特权异化、官僚特权阶层固化等四个渐进的演化过程。而苏联反特权却经历了列宁时期的坚决打击官僚特权、斯大林时期的放纵特权、赫鲁晓夫时期的针对特权改革再到勃列日涅夫时期的容忍特权几个曲折的阶段,最终苏联特权现象猖獗蔓延导致苏共垮台。我国反对特权必须汲取苏联的教训,坚定反对特权的政治决心,警惕特权成为维护政治秩序的工具,防止官僚特权阶层的形成,并且始终把密切党群关系作为反对特权的立足点。

The Phenomenon of the privilege of the Soviet Union has gone through four progressive phases, which include the specialization of treatment for the leaders, the expansion of the specialized treatment, the alienation of the privilege of the leaders, and the solidification of bureaucratic privileged stratum. However, the opposition of privilege in the Soviet Union has undergone several tortuous periods as ＂determined opposition to the bureaucratic privilege in Lenin period, the laissez-faire attitude towards privilege in Stalin period, the reform oriented to the privilege in Khrushehev period, and the tolerance of privilege in Brezhnev period＂, which finally led to the collapse of the Soviet Union Communist Party due to the rampant expansion of privilege. We should draw on the lessons from the Soviet Union in our practice of opposing privilege, determine firmly to oppose privilege, guard against the possibility that privilege is employed as the instrument for maintaining political order, prevent the formation of bureaucratic privileged stratum and always take the close union of the Party and the masses as the standpoint of opposing privilege.