婴幼儿生长发育与辅食添加的关系

Relationship between growth of young children and complementary feeding

应用 1 998年 6岁以下儿童营养监测现场调查资料分析 4至 2 4个月以内婴儿辅助食品添加对婴幼儿生长发育的影响 ,以便为农村特别是贫困农村合理添加辅助食品提供参考。统计分析采用了描述性、相关回归分析及 Logistic回归分析。结果表明贫困农村婴幼儿各类辅助食品添加率低于一般农村和城市。贫困农村婴幼儿在 2 4个月以内平均添加动物性食物只占 42 %、乳类 30 .5%、淀粉类 57.8%、蔬菜水果类 48.6% ,相当于城市添加比例的一半。通过相关分析表明 ,在 4至 6个月 ,6至 1 2个月 ,1 2至 1 8个月 ,1 8至 2 4个月几个年龄段的按年龄身高和体重与动物性食物和蔬菜水果类食物的添加率呈显著的正相关关系 ,但淀粉类食物在各个年龄段相关都不显著。通过回归分析 ,估算了如果每个营养监测点动物性食物添加率提高 1 0 %时 ,1 8至 2 4个月的婴幼儿生长迟缓率可下降 2 .6个百分点 ,低体重下降 1 .2个百分点。Logistic回归分析表明 ,没有添加动物性食物时 ,发生生长迟缓的危险度 OR=2 .2 1 (4～ 6个月 )、1 .73(6～ 1 2个月 )、2 .81(1 2～ 1 8个月 )和 2 .58(1 2～ 2 4个月 )。未添加蔬菜水果类食物发生生长迟缓的危险度与动物性食物类似。

Description analysis, correlation regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were applied to evaluate the impact of complementary food on the growth of children from the aged 4 to 24 months, results on the effect of the complementary feeding were presented. Among children under 2 years in poor rural areas, 42% of them got complementary food containing animal food, 30 5% got milk, 57 8% got starchy foods, and 48 6% got vegetables and fruits. The coverage of complementary food containing animal food, vegetables/fruits was only half of that in the urban areas. Analysis revealed significantly positive correlation of HAZ ,WAZ of all age group of children under 2 years with the appearance of animal foods, vegetable and fruit in the complementary food, but there was no significantly correlation with starchy foods. According to the regression coefficient, it was estimated that the prevalence of stunting aged 18—24 months could be reduced 2 6 percentage points if 10% increase of coverage of animal food containing complementary food in the CFNSS site was achieved. Logistic regression analysis showed the odds ratio (OR) of non animal food complementary food for stunting was 2 21 for children aged 4—6 months, 1 73 for 6—12 months, 2 81 for 12—18 months, 2 58 for 18—24 months, OR for underweight was 2 87 for 12—18 months, and 2 08 for 18—24 months.