1990～1998年中国食物消费与膳食结构

Food consumption and dietary pattern in China during 1990—1998

根据 1 990和 1 995年国家统计局七省市食物消费数据分析 ,居民豆类及豆制品消费减少 ,城市居民动物性食物消费过量 ,谷类消费下降 ,其提供热能比低于 60 % ,农村居民食物消费以谷类为主 ,动物性食物、水果、植物油消费较低。1 998年调查住户食物消费结果表明 :城市居民动物性食物摄入量随收入增加而加大 ,植物油消费持平 ,目前膳食结构相对合理 ,而农村居民仍需增加动物性食物、水果等的摄入量 ,其中贫困住户的营养状况需要注意。建议加强营养宣传教育 ,大力促进豆类的生产和消费以改善居民的膳食结构。

Based on data of food consumption collected in the household survey of State Statistics Bureau in 1990 and 1995,consumption of soybeans and its production decreased in all household. Urban population over consumed animal food , intake of cereals reduced and energy share of cereals was dropped to less than 60% . Rural population consumed mainly cereals, animal food, fruit and oil consumption was lower. 1998 data showed that the animal food consumption increased along with income increase, but vegetable oil consumption kept stable. Dietary pattern of urban household were still relatively rational,but animal food consumption still needed to be increase in the rural households, and more attention should be paid to the poor households. Enhancement of nutrition education and promotion of soybean consumption and production for nutrition improvement for both urban and rural population was recommended to make urban diet to meet the goals of a balanced diet and the rural diet to be nutritionally adequate.