澳门儿童青少年生长发育规律的研究

Growth and development of Macao children and adolescents

目的：通过对2010年澳门儿童青少年体质监测数据的分析比较,探讨澳门儿童青少年生长发育的变化特征,为政府了解儿童青少年生长发育水平,制定社会发展的方针政策提供参考依据.方法：选择2010年澳门儿童青少年体质监测对象为研究对象,年龄为7～22周岁澳门学生,采用分层随机整群的原则抽取样本.严格遵守统一的测试细则对研究对象的身体形态、机能和素质等指标进行测试,利用SPSS15.0统计软件对测试数据进行统计分析.结果：1）澳门儿童青少年身体形态、机能和素质的生长发育水平表现出明显的阶段性特征.其中,体格指标的表现尤为典型,在整个生长期内表现为四个阶段,即匀速增长期、快速增长期、缓慢增长期和相对稳定期;2）澳门儿童青少年生长期存在明显的性别差异,女生快速增长期比男生提前2～4年;3）身体形态、机能和素质生长水平的发展呈现出不均衡特征,即身体形态优先发展,机能居中,机能、素质的快速增长落后于身体形态的快速发展.

Objective：By analyzing physique monitoring data in children and adolescents in 2010 Macao, to investigate the variation of growth and development of Macao children and adolescents. Methods ：Taking Macao children and adolescents with physical monitoring as study object, age 7 to 22 years, using the principle of stratified random cluster samples. Strict compliance with the uniform testing rules to study body shape, function and quality, with SPSSI 5.0 statistical software for statistical analysis of the data. Results：l ） Macao children and adolescents＇ body shape, function and quality of growth and development showed obvious stage characteristics. Among them, the physical indicators are particularly typical throughout the four stages, namely, uniform growth, a period of rapid growth, slow growth and relatively stable period;2） There are significant gender differences in Macao children and adolescents growing season, girls＇ rapid growth 2 to 4 years earlier than boys ;3） Body shape, function and quality of growth and level of development show uneven features, body shape prior to the function and quality development.