中国的改革红利如何生成——基于利益集团和制度分析的视角

How the Bonus of Reform in China Was Produced——An Analysis of Interest Group and Institutional Reform

中国改革红利生成与跨越中等收入陷阱的关键就是构建抵御利益集团对经济负面作用的制度体系。建立权力的制约体系并切断权力与利益集团的直接联系,建立公正的政策和制度制定的程序,提高制度质量并保障制度的有效实施是构建抵御利益集团对经济负面作用的制度体系的三大条件。我国释放改革红利的制度空间还很大,这主要表现在以下四个方面:构建有限政府,处理好政府与市场的关系;构建发展型国家,实现从非直接统治型国家向直接统治型国家的转型;完善市场经济体制,防止权贵的市场经济;加快政治体制改革,建立和完善社会主义民主与法治的制度体系。

To prompt the production of reform bonus and avoid the middle - income trap, it is crucial for China to establish the very institutional system that can fend off the negative influence of interest group on economy. To establish this kind of institutional system, three conditions are essential： setting up the power restriction system to cut the link between power and interest group; establishing impartial policy and rulemaking procedures; raising quality of the institution and ensuring its effectiveness. In China, there is still room to produce even more reform bonus, which can be realized through four pathways as follows： a） building limited government and straightening out the relationship between government and market; b ） constructing a development - oriented state to transform China＇s governance style from the customary model to the legalistic model; c） improving structure of the market economy to forestall monopolistic market economy; and d） speeding up the reform of the political system to establish and improve the institutional systems of socialistic democracy and the rule of law.