国有企业发展的公平性分析

Analysis on the Fairness of State-owed Enterprises' Development

国有企业在我国经济发展中发挥着举足轻重的作用。近年来,在各种政策的扶持下,国企,特别是央企迅速做大做强,随之而来的公平问题日益突出。从国企发展的结果视角考察,我国国有企业发展的最大受益者为国企从业者,尤其是国企高管,而不是广大民众。引发国企发展不公平的原因是制度性的,必然性的,而不是管理操作性的,或然性的,是公权力进入经营领域必然带来的结果。因此,将国有企业限制在尽可能小的必需的范围之内是解决这一问题的根本途径,也是我国国有企业改革的方向选择。

State- owed enterprises are the pillars in China＇ s economy. In recent years, China＇ s state -owed enterprises are getting bigger and stronger with the support of government. One problem triggered by the expansion of the state - owed enterprises is fairness. This article examines this issue from the perspective of the state - owed enterprises＇ developing result. Is the profits made by the stated -owed enterprises are shared by the public fairly？ From our study, we conclude that the most beneficiaries are the senior executives and the employees of the state - owed enterprises, rather than the owners （the public） . Further study indicates that the unfairness is institutional, not managerial. It is inevitable when governments enter the competitive business. To change this, therefore, the only effective way is to limit the state - owed enterprises into a few necessary areas in which the private would not like to do or can not be able to do.