饮食相关认知行为间自我效能感中介效应分析

Analysis mediating effect of self-efficacy between diet-related cognitive and behavioral

目的通过引入中介效应概念在儿童青少年中探讨与饮食相关的自我效能感在饮食相关认知和行为之间的作用。方法利用多阶段整群抽样法,选取贵州省一个市区和2个县级地区的中小学校共9所,参考国内外相关研究设计调查问卷,对1398名中小学生进行调查。对研究对象与饮食相关的认知、自我效能感、有利健康的相关行为和不利健康的相关行为,进行一般情况调查、相关性分析;利用回归分析和建构模型进行自我效能感的中介效应检验。结果青少年儿童饮食相关的认知、自我效能感、有利行为平均得分均不高。认知和自我效能感之间、认知和有利行为之间、自我效能感和有利行为之间、有利行为与不利行为之间的相关性显著,相关系数分别为0.292、0.248、0.228和-0.102(P<0.01)。独立中介效应检验中,自我效能感在与饮食相关的认知和有利于健康的行为之间的部分中介效应显著,中介效应占总效应的24.52%。带入结构方程模型中检验,自我效能感的间接效应(即中介效应)更为明显(β=0.39,P<0.01)。结论在儿童青少年实际饮食行为中,提高自我效能感能增加认知改变行为的程度。

Objective To investigate the influence of self-efflcacy between diet- related cognitive and behavioral by introducing the concept of mediating effect in children and adolescents. Methods Using multistage cluster sampling, 9 middle and primary school at 1 downtown area and 2 county areas in Guizhou province were selected. Referencing to the foreign-related research and design of the questionnaire, 1398 students were included. The general survey and the correlation analysis about the cognition and self-efficacy of related diet, the favorable behavior related health and the unfavorable behavior related health were conducted. Using the regression analysis and building the modeling to test the mediating effect of self-efficacy of related diet. Results The average scores of the cognition, self-efficacy and beneficial heahh＇s behavior of related diet were not high. There were significant correlation between the cognition and self-efficacy, the cognition and favorable behavior, the self-efficacy and favorable behavior, the favorable behavior and unfavorable behavior. The correlation coefficients were 0. 292,0. 248,0. 228 and -0. 102 （P 〈 0.01 ）. The self-efficacy had significant indirect mediating effect between diet-related cognitive and beneficial heahh＇s behavior, the indirect mediating effect was 24.52% of the total effect. Bringing into the structural equation model to test, the indirect effect of self-effieacy （ namely mediating effect） was more obvious （β = 0.39, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion In the actual dietary behavior of children and adolescents, improving the self-efficacy can increase the degree of changing in behavior which acted by the cognition.