膨化机的喂料速度对宠物食品常规营养成分及适口性的影响

Effects of feeding speed of feed extruder on nutrients and palatability of pet food

试验旨在研究不同喂料速度对宠物食品中常规营养成分和适口性的影响。试验选用10只藏獒成犬和10只藏獒幼犬分别分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只。选取喂料速度在20 Hz(饲粮A1)和在18 Hz(饲粮A2)成犬饲粮以及喂料速度在20 Hz(饲粮B1)和在18 Hz(饲粮B2)时生产的幼犬饲粮。适口性评定采用双盆试验法,对2组藏獒进行饲喂。记录每只藏獒每日采食量和首选饲粮,计算出采食率。同时,对不同喂料速度生产的饲粮的常规营养成分、糊化度、容重及颗粒大小进行测定比较。试验结果表明:①喂料速度对粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、钙、磷、粗灰分以及颗粒大小影响不显著(P>0.05)。②喂料速度稍低的饲粮的水分含量、糊化度都高于喂料速度稍高的饲粮(P<0.01),但是维生素含量以及容重却低于喂料速度稍高的饲粮(P<0.01)。③喂料速度稍低的饲粮的适口性明显优于喂料速度稍高的饲粮(P<0.000 1)。由此可见,喂料速度18 Hz饲粮的水分含量和糊化度都较高,而维生素含量和容重都较低。喂料速度对粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、钙、磷和粗灰分影响不显著。犬对喂料速度18 Hz饲粮具有极显著偏好。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding speed of feed extruder on nutri- tion and palatability in manufacturing processes of expanded pet food. The experiment was conducted using 10 adult tibetan mastiff and puppies respectively. The tibetan mastiffs were allotted to two groups. Each group had 10 replicates and each replicate had one individual. Adult tibetan mastiffs and the puppies were fed with two pet feed, which were processed hy the feeding speed of 20 Hz and 18 Hz in a two-bowl test. The common nutritional components, gelatinization degree, unit weight and particle size of pet food processed by different feeding speed were analyzed. The results showed the feeding speed had no significant effects on crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, phosphorous, ash and particle size of feed（P〉0.05）. The moisture content and gelatinization degree of feed processed by low feeding speed were significantly higher than that processed by high feeding speed （P〈0.01）. Howev- er, the former one had lower vitamin and unit weight （P〈0.01）. Low feeding speed processing feed had significantly better palatahility than high feeding speed processing feed （P〈0.000 1）.