代际差异视角下的农民工社会融入研究——基于大连市的调查

Study on Migrant Workers' Social Integration in the Perspective of Intergenerational Difference——A Survey in Dalian City

中国农民工群体内部已经出现明显的代际差异。利用对大连市1 011名农民工的调查数据,比较了第一代农民工和新生代农民工在经济、社会和心理三个层面的社会融入状况。研究发现,两代农民工的社会融入程度整体偏低,他们的社会融入过程呈现出一定的代际差异。第一代农民工的社会融入以经济融入为重点,而由于自身定位问题,经济融入未必能带动其他层面的融入;新生代农民工在社会和心理层面的融入程度要好于第一代农民工,然而相当比例的新生代农民工存在着身份认同模糊、未来发展不明的边缘化倾向。针对这些研究发现,提出了促进农民工向上流动的相关建议。

There are obvious intergenerational differences among Chinese migrant workers. Based on a survey of 1011 migrant workers in Dalian city, this paper compares the differences between two generations of migrant workers＇ social integration level on economic, social and psychological dimensions. The results show that： （1） the overall social integration of two generations of migrant workers is low, there are significant intergenerational differ- ences between the first and second generations; （2） the social integration of the first generation focuses on econom- ic integration, but the integration of other aspects may not be driven by economic integration; （3） the degree of the social and psychological integration of the second generation is better than that of the first one, while the tendency of identity fuzzy and unclear future development exist in a substantial proportion of individuals among them. Based on these results, the paper proposes related recommendations to promote the upward mobility of migrant workers.