关于农产品质量安全举报制度的几点思考

Some Thinking About Whistle-blowing System for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products

农产品经验品和信用品的质量特性使市场调节失灵,政府监管成为必要。在小规模分散经营占主体的农业生产经营模式下,政府利用自身资源获取执法信息成本太高,群众举报是政府低成本获取执法信息的重要途径。虽然《农产品质量安全法》及相关法律法规中都规定了举报制度,但该项制度并没有产生应有的效果。主要原因是我国的农产品质量安全举报制度还存在许多不完善之处,如对举报人缺乏激励,举报处理程序太笼统,对举报人法律保护不足。针对这些问题,建议完善举报奖励制度、规范举报案件处理程序和完善举报人保护制度。

Agricultural products are experience goods and credence goods, which make the market regulation failure in the quality and safety of agricultural products. Market failure is the premise of government intervention. But the cost is too high in getting the information of illegal behavior by government itself. Whistle-blowing is an important way of getting information in low cost. The whistle-blowing system of quality and safety of agricultural products is not perfect in China, such as lack of economic incentives to the informers, lack of detailled legal norm of the procedure of whistle-blowing dispose, and unsound existing mechanism to protect the informers. Faced with these problems, it is recommended to perfect reward system, specify procedures for dealing with cases and improve the system of whistleblower protection.