全国抗菌药物临床应用专项整治前后住院患者医院感染分析

Survey and analysis of hospital infection before and after the national special rectification of clinical application of antibacterials in hospitalized patients

目的探讨全国抗菌药物临床应用专项整治前后抗菌药物使用情况和医院感染现状,为科学制定医院感染控制措施提供依据。方法将专项整治活动前22359例住院病人作为A组,专项整治活动后25821例住院病人作为B组,对A、B两组进行抗菌药物使用率、医院感染发生率、感染部位分布、主要病原菌进行对比分析。结果 A、B两组抗菌药物使用率分别为88.70%和53.27%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);A、B两组发生医院感染分别为584例次和659例次,医院感染发生率分别为2.61%和2.55%,两组差异无统计学意义。感染部位均以下呼吸道为主,分别为335例次和387例次,感染分别占57.44%和58.73%,两组差异无统计学意义。A、B两组病原菌均以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,差异无统计学意义,两组分别检出真菌59株和21株,金黄色葡萄球菌39株和79株,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论全国抗菌药物临床应用专项整治后抗菌药物使用率显著下降,医院感染发生率没有明显变化,医院感染病原菌仍以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,真菌减少,金黄色葡萄球菌有增加态势。

Ojeive o expIoe he nieiluge nd hopil infeion uquo efoe nd fehe n- ionl peil eifiion of linil ppliion of nieiI, ying o povide he ifohe ienifidevelopmenof hopil infeion onol meue. Mehodeopeive nlyiwdoped. 22,359 nd 25,821 eefoe nd fehe peil eifiion wee divided ino goup nd goup epeively. he nieeiluge, inidene of hopil infeion, infeion iend min phogen wee omped eween goup nd . eulhe inidene of nieiluge in goup nd wee 88. 70~ nd 53. 27~ epeively, nd he diffeene eween hem w- iilly ignifin（P〈0. 01）. eof hopil infeion in goup nd wee 584 nd 659, nd he inidene of ho- pil infeion wee 2. 61% nd 2.55 % epeively. hee wno ignifindiffeene eween he wo goup. ll of he min infeion iewee in loweepioy wih 335 nd 387, ouning fo57.44 % nd 58.73% epeive- ly, nd he ignifindiffeene oueween he wo goup. he min phogenin wo goupwee gm-negive illi, nd hee wno ignifindiffeene. Fungl wdeeed in 59 piennd 21 pienepeively, nd phyloouueuin 39 piennd 79 pienepeively, nd he diffeene wignifin（P〈0. 01）. onlu- ion he inidene of nieiluge delined ignifinly fepeil eifiion of linil ppliion of ni- eilo hee ino ignifinhnge of hopil infeion. he min phogene ill Gm-negive illi, followed y edued funlzi nd ineed phyloouueu.