高CO_2气调储藏对鸡饲料细菌和霉菌的抑制效果研究

Effects of Controlled Atmospheres with High CO_2 Concentrations on Bacteria and Mould of Poultry Feed

以鸡饲料为试材,研究0、10和30℃下,不同浓度CO2对鸡饲料贮藏过程中细菌总数、霉菌总数和黄曲霉总数的影响以及室温下黄曲霉毒素B1含量的变化。结果表明:在0℃和10℃下,30%CO2和50%CO2条件下储藏90 d细菌总数低于限量标准,储藏120 d后霉菌总数也均低于限量标准,黄曲霉增长缓慢;30℃下,30%CO2储藏60 d后,细菌和霉菌总数均超过限量标准,50%CO2条件下细菌和霉菌总数均低于限量标准;23℃下,30%CO2和50%CO2条件下储藏90 d,黄曲霉毒素B1含量分别为19.3μg/kg和12.6μg/kg,均低于国家限量标准20μg/kg。高浓度的CO2对于常温和低温储藏下鸡饲料霉菌的生长抑制效果显著,对于高温储藏下鸡饲料内的霉菌生长抑制效果不显著。

Taking poultry feed as material, investigated the effect of high CO2 atmosphere control condition on the total number of bacteria, mould and aspergillus flavus in poultry feed under different temperature and the change of aflatoxin B1 content under room temperature. The sample was stored at 0,10,23 and 30 ℃ separately for 4 months in gas - controlled chambers. The results showed that under 0 ℃ and 10 ℃, being stored under the condition of 30% CO2 and 50% CO2 for 90 days,the total bacteria count were all lower than the national sanitary standard and so as the total mould count being lower than the national sanitary standard after stored for 120 days ,while the aspergillus flavus remained constant;under the storage condition of 30 ℃ ＋ 30% CO2 for 60 days, the total bacteria count and total mould count were exceed the national sanitary standard when being stored under the condition of 30 ℃ ＋ 50% CO2 for 60 days, the total bacteria count and total mould count were lower than the national sanitary standard;under the storage condition of 23 ℃ ＋ 30% CO2 and 23℃ ＋ 50% CO2 for90 days,the aflatoxin B1 content were 19.2 μg/kg and 13.8 μg/kg respectively lower than the national sanitary standard which was 20 μg/kg. The high concentrations of CO2 could significantly inhibit the growth of mould in poultry feed which stored under low and room temperature, while non -significant for poultry feed shown by being stored under high temperature.