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右美托咪定联合舒芬太尼用于二尖瓣狭窄患者瓣膜置换术后镇痛的效果观察 被引量:14

Effects of dexmedetomidine and s ufentanil on postoperative analgesia in patients with mitral stenosis undergoning valve replacement
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摘要 目的观察舒芬太尼联合盐酸右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,DEX)用于二尖瓣狭窄患者瓣膜置换术后镇痛的疗效和安全性。方法收集本院因二尖瓣狭窄需行瓣膜置换术的患者40例。年龄45岁~70岁,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级。术后采用动态随机化分组方法分为两组,分别接受舒芬太尼自控静脉镇痛(SF组)和舒芬太尼联合DEX自控镇痛(SD组),比较两组患者术后12(T1)、24(T2)、36(T3)、48h(T4)疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS)、镇静(Ramsay)评分、平均动脉压mean artery pressure,MAP)、脉搏氧饱和度(pulse oxygen saturation,SpO2)及副作用的发生率。结果①VAS评分比较:SD组T1、T2、T3、T4时VAS评分[(2.4±0.6)、(2.8±0.7)、(2.3±0.6)、(2.0±0.4)]低于SF组[(4.0±1.0)、(4.3±1.1)、(3.7±0.7)、(3.5±0.5)],差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。②Ramsay评分比较:T1、T2、T3、T4时SD组[(3.3±0.5)、(3.0±0.4)、(3.5±0.6)、(3.2±0.7)]Ramsay评分高于SF组[(1.2±0.6)、(1.4±0.4)、(1.2±0.5)、(1.1±0.6)],差异有统计学意义(R0.05)。③MAP比较:与患者入室(R)(83±12)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)时比较,SF组T1、T2、T3、T4时[(99±11)、(99±12)、(96±13)、(93±13)mmHg]MAP增高有统计学意义(P〈0.05);SD组与(T0)(82±13)mmHg时比较T1、T2、T3、T4时[(86±10)、(86±10)、(84±11)、(83±10)mmHg]MAP差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。两组在R时MAP差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),T1、T2、T3、T4时SD组的MAP较SF组更为平稳(P〈0.05)。④两组患者各时间点SpO2差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。⑤副作用的发生率比较:T1、T2、T3、T4时恶心、呕吐的发生率SD组(10%、5%)明显低于SF组(25%、15%),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);两组患者均无呼吸抑制发生。结论DEX联合舒芬太尼用于二尖瓣狭窄患者瓣膜置换术后镇痛,可以增加舒芬太尼的镇痛效果,镇静效果满意,副作用发生率低。 Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia in patients with mitral stenosis undergoing valve replacement. Methods Forty cases of heart valve replacement surgery patients aged 45 y-70 y with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class Ⅱ -Ⅲ were randomly divided into sufentanil group (SF group ) and sufentanil combined with DEX group (SD group). SF group was treated with sufentanil(0.09 μg· kg^-1·h^-1) by patient- controlled intravenous analgesia, while SD group was treated with sufentanil(0.09μg· kg^-1·h^-1)and DEX(0.08 μg· kg^-1·h^-1 ). The visual analog scale (VAS), Ramsay - score, mean radial artery pressure (MAP), finger pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and the rate of adverse reaction of patients after operation(respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, etc.) between the two groups were compared at the time 12(T1),24(T2),36(T3),48 h(T4) following operation. Results (1) VAS: The VAS of SD group [(2.4±0.6), (2.8±0.7), (2.3±0.6), (2.0±0.4) ] was significantly lower than that of SF group [ (4.0±1.0), (4.3±1.1), (3.7±0.7), (3.5±0.5) ] at T1,T2,T3,T4, (P〈0.05). (2) Ramsay-score: At T1,T2,T3,T4, the Ramsay-score of SD group [(3.3±0.5), (3.0±0.4), (3.5±0.6), (3.2±0.7)] was significantly higher than SF group [ (1.2±0.6), (1.4±0.4), ( 1.2±0.5 ), (1.1±0.6) ] (P〈0.05). (3) MAP: Compared with the MAP at To (83±12) mmHg ( 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), at TI, T2,T3,T4 [ (99±11), (99±12), (96±13), (93±13) mmHg] was increased in SF group (P〈0.05). The MAP at T1,T2,T3,T4[ (86±10), (86±10), (84±11 ), (83±10) mmHg] was not significantly different with that at T0(82± 13) mmHg in SD group (P〉0.05). There was no significant difference between SD group and SF group at To in MAP (P〉0.05). At T1, T2, T3,T4, the MAP of SD group was more stable than that of SF group (P〈0.05). (4) There was no significant difference between SD group and SF group at T0,T1,T2,T3,T4 in SpO2. (5) The rate of adverse reaction: at T1,T2,T3,T4, the rate of nausea and vomiting in SD group (10%, 5%) was obviously lower than that of SF goup(25%, 15%)(P〈0.05 ). There was no respiratory inhibition in both groups. Conclusions Combination of sufentanil and DEX in patients with mitral stenosis underwent valve replacement can enhance the effect of sufentanil on analgesia. This treatment provides satisfactory sedation and being low in adverse reaction.
作者 仇利娟 曹苏
出处 《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》 CAS 2014年第1期19-22,共4页 International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation
关键词 术后镇痛 右美托咪定 舒芬太尼 二尖瓣瓣膜置换术 Postoperative analgesia Dexmedetomidine Sufentanil Mitral valve replacement
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参考文献11

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