短期饮用某酱香型白酒对大鼠乙醇代谢的影响

Effects of short-term drinking Maotai-flavor liquor on the ethanol metabolism in rats

目的观察高、中、低不同剂量的某酱香型白酒对大鼠乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)含量的影响,以探讨该酒与体内乙醇代谢的关系。方法 75只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组,乙醇组,白酒高、中、低剂量组,分别给予大鼠灌胃生理盐水5 mL/kg,乙醇5 mL/kg,某酱香型白酒10、5、2.5 mL/kg,1次/d,连续7 d。末次灌胃12 h后处死大鼠,检测大鼠血中乙醇、乙醛浓度,肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-P X)、丙二醛(MDA)、ADH、ALDH含量,RT-PCR、免疫组织化学法和Western blot检测大鼠肝组织中ADH1、ALDH2 mRNA及蛋白质的表达。结果与乙醇组比较,末次灌胃12 h后白酒中、低剂量组大鼠血中乙醇、乙醛浓度明显降低(P<0.01);在大鼠肝匀浆中,白酒高、中、低剂量组SOD、GSH-P X含量均明显升高(P<0.01),白酒中、低剂量组MDA含量明显降低(P<0.01),白酒低剂量组ADH含量明显升高(P<0.01),白酒高、中、低剂量组ALDH含量均明显升高(P<0.01);肝组织中,白酒低剂量组ADH1 mRNA及蛋白质表达明显升高(P<0.01),白酒高、中、低剂量组ALDH2 mRNA及蛋白质表达均明显升高(P<0.01)。结论该酱香型白酒对大鼠ADH的影响与乙醇无明显差异,但可明显升高大鼠ALDH活性,从而减少乙醛在体内的蓄积,减轻乙醛对机体的毒害作用。

Objective To investigate the influence on alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase of 3 different Maotai - flavor liquors in rats and thus to determine the correlation between the liquor drinking and health. Methods Seventy - five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups, in which 3 different intakes （ 10, 5 and 2.5 mL/kg） of Maotai -flavor liquors, 53% alcohol （5 mL/kg） and replaced saline salvages were given respectively for 7 days. Serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations were assessed by headspaee gas - chromatographic analysis, while superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in liver homogenate were also determined. Real time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to determine expression levels of alcohol dehydrogenase - 1 and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase - 2 in liver. Results In the Maotai - flavor liquor - fed rats, alcohol and acetaldehyde in serum were declined significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ） , while superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in liver homogenate were elevated significantly （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; meanwhile, the malondialdehyde was reduced significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, as acetaldehyde dehydrogenase - 2 in liver was increased significantly （P 〈 0.01 ） ; when compared with alcohol -fed rats. On the anther hand, there was no significant difference between Maotai -flavor liquorfed rats and alcohol -fed rats in regarding to both alcohol dehydrogen- ase in liver homogenate or alcohol dehydrogenase - 1 in liver. Conclusion The Maotai - flavor liquor can obviously increase the activity of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, so as to reduce the accumulation of acetaldehyde and alleviate the toxicity of acetaldehyde.