堆肥复合菌剂的制备及在稻草猪粪堆肥中的应用

Preparation of Compound Inoculants and Application in Straw Composting of Pig Manure

[目的]为了制备出促进稻草堆肥化过程的复合微生物菌剂。[方法]分别从腐熟堆肥、腐熟污泥、土壤中筛选到纯种菌。这些菌包括霉菌、真菌、放线菌和细菌等,并且含有纤维素降解菌、固氮菌和除臭菌3种功能菌,将其组合成2种菌剂,编号为Z1和G1。在自制的堆肥装置中,将Z1与G1菌剂应用于猪粪和稻草的混合好氧堆肥,并与市售菌剂进行对比,测定堆肥的不同阶段中物料的温度、含水率、pH、有机碳、全氮、总磷、总钾含量。[结果]自制的2种菌剂和市售菌剂应用于堆肥后,堆肥温度在第5天均达50℃以上,堆肥11d后与G1菌和市售菌剂相比,添加Z1菌的堆料含水率下降到38%,氮含量稳定在1.37%,有机质含量下降到21.7%,磷和钾含量分别为1.81%、0.62%,堆肥过程臭味明显减少,且红外光谱测定表明它对稻草的降解能力较好。[结论]以Z1菌剂作为高效堆肥复合微生物菌剂。

[ Objective] Compound microbial agent was prepared in order to promote the straw composting process. [ Method ] Screening the pure bacterial from compost, cow dung and soil, these bacteria included mildew, fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria and cellulose degradation bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and deodorization bacteria. Combing them into two kinds of agents, G1 and Z1 were named. The bacteria a- gent was applied to mixed aerobic composting pig manure and straw. And compared with commercial microbial agent, the temperature of mate- rial, water content, pH, electric conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium were determined. [ Re- suit] The composting temperature of three kinds of adding microbial agent was above 50 ~C in the fifth day. After composting for 11 d, water content of adding Z1 microbe decreased to 38%, nitrogen content in pile was 1.37%, organic matter content decreased to 21.7%, phosphor- us and potassium content was 1.81% and 0.62% respectively. The sample had no odor. The ability to degrade straw was better. [ Conclu- sion] G1 agent could be regarded as efficient microbial agent.