有机肥控制稻田氮磷流失风险效果初步研究

Preliminary Study on the Risk Controlling Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Paddy Field

2012年6-10月在贵州省贵阳市红枫湖镇大冲村进行田间试验,通过对比分析施用有机肥与农户习惯施用尿素和磷肥的稻田水中氮和磷浓度变化,对有机肥控制稻田氮磷流失风险效果进行初步研究。结果表明,有机肥处理（M）下稻田水中最高总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）浓度为1.35 mg/L和0.28 mg/L,农户习惯施肥处理（CON）平均TN、TP浓度为3.26 mg/L和0.36 mg/L,同等纯氮肥下施用有机肥的稻田水中TN、TP浓度分别为0.58、0.20 mg/L。可见,与农户习惯施肥相比,施用有机肥能明显消减稻田水中TN、TP的残留量,可降低稻田水中氮和磷的流失风险。

Field experiments were carried out in Dachong village of Hongfenghu town in Guiyang city of Guizhou province in 2012.By comparatively analyzing the change of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in paddy field water where organic fertilizer was applied and where urea and phosphate fertilizer were applied according to planting tradition of farmers,the effects of application of organic fertilizer on controlling the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in paddy field were preliminarily studied.The results showed that the highest total nitrogen and phosphorus contents in paddy field under organic fertilizer treatment were 1.35 mg / L and 0.28 mg / L,respectively.The average total nitrogen and phosphorus contents in paddy field under traditional fertilizer treatment were 3.26 mg / L and 0.36 mg / L,respectively,and were 0.58 mg / L and 0.20 mg / L respectively in paddy field treated by organic fertilizer with same pure nitrogen fertilizer.It could be concluded that compared with traditional fertilizer treatment,application of organic fertilizer could decrease the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in paddy field water,thus could reduce the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss.