长江流域分行政区入河污染物总量监督管理探析

Research on administrative divisions' supervision and management of total pollutant quantity entering rivers in Yangtze River Basin

拥有洁浄的水源是最基本的民生需求和权益。针对目前长江流域水质下降趋势及水资源保护主体责任边界不明等问题,提出了建立以行政区为管理单元的入河污染物总量监督管理模型。模型的设计理念为:遵循河流水体运动变化的自然法则;强化地方政府对社会行为的管理职能;从开展行政区入河污染物监测计量着手,客观真实地反映各行政区的入河污染物总量;以此为基础,实行分行政区入河污染物总量现状评价、减排目标制订及减排绩效考核。此举有利于落实各级行政区水资源保护责任制、树立绿色发展政绩观,形成促进行政区治污减排的倒逼机制,确保长江水质明显改善,惠及流域居民生产生活,保障经济社会可持续发展。

Clean water is the most fundamental demand and legal right of the people~ livelihood. In the light of water quality worsening in the Yangtze River Basin and unclear responsible boundary of water resources protection subject, the supervision and management model of total pollutant quantity by administrative divisions is discussed. The design concepts of the model are ： obe- ying natural law of water body movement and variation; strengthening management role of local government on social behavior; conducting monitoring and objectively reflecting pollutant entering into water in administrative area; assessing pollution state, making emission reduction targets and performance appraisal of administrative area according to monitoring data. This manage- ment model is favorable to implement responsibility system of administrative authorities in all level, cultivating green development concept and forming promotion system of pollution control and emission reduce, ensure obvious improvement of water quality in the Yangtze River Basin, benefitng the people~ livelihood and guarantee social and economic sustainable development.