移栽水稻高产高效节水灌溉技术的生理生化机理研究进展

Research Advances in the Physiological and Biochemical Mechanism in Water-saving Irrigation Techniques for High Yield and High Efficiency of Transplanted Rice

水资源匮乏威胁水稻生产的可持续发展和粮食安全。为了应对水资源紧缺和增加粮食产量,农业科学家开发了各种节水灌溉技术和生产体系。本文综述了当前移栽水稻生产上主要应用的节水灌溉技术并从水稻生长、激素、蔗糖-淀粉代谢途径关键酶活性等方面阐述了其生理生化机制,提出水稻高产高效节水灌溉技术存在的问题与研究展望。

The water crisis is threatening rice sustainability and food security in the world. Agricultural scientists have developed a variety of water-saving irrigation techniques and production systems in order to deal with water shortages meanwhile to increase food production. This paper reviewed dominant water saving irrigation techniques applied in transplanted rice production, summarized their physiological and biochemical mechanism for rice growth, hormones, and activities of key enzymes involved in sucrose-to-starch conversion. The problems existed in water-saving irrigation techniques for high-yielding and high-efficiency of rice and research prospects were put forward and discussed.