流域系统森林作用水文动态过程的仿真分析

The Effect of Forestry State on River Hydrological Dynamic Process of Basin

该文对森林状态所引起的流域系统水文动态过程特征的变化作了计算机仿真分析。流域系统的森林状态随时间变化，包含森林的自然生长、采伐、造林等。而自然地质环境，如地形地貌等流域特征相对保持稳定。所以不同时期的流域水文动态过程特性变化主要由森林状态的变化所引起。选择长江流域湖南省境内三个集水面积在 ５００－９５０ＫＭ２的流域系统，收集连续３０年的水文气象数据，以连续５年数据作为一组，分成多个对比样本系列，辨识不同时期的水文动态过程模型。应用的模型有ＡＲＸ和模糊神经网络。对模型作脉冲输入的响应仿真，得到不同时期的水文动态过程特性。比较各个时期的流域水文动态过程特性和相应时期的森林状态，得出了森林作用于水文动态过程的一些结论。

In this paper, the forestry state affects river hydrologic dynamic process of basin that have been investigated by computer simulation. The forestry states within basin are variable at all time as the result of growth, disafforestation, forestation, fire, etc.. Whereas the nature geological environment such as land forms and physiognomy are steady during same period, so the changes of river hydrologic dy- namic behave during different period are caused by the changes of forestry state 'duly. Selecting three drainage systems of Yangtse River within Hunan Province of China as the study samples, which area of these basins are from 500KM2 to 950KM2. Collecting hydrologic and meteorological observation observation data of successive 30 years within basins. Separating the observation data about successive 30 years into series samples which are successive 5 years data as one sample as system identification input and Output data, then identify the hydrologic dynamic process models of different period. The models that have been adopted include ARX model and fuzzy logical neuron network. The character- istic of river hydrologic dynamic behave of drainage system in the different periods have been deduced from these models simulation. Comparison the characteristics of river hydrologic dynamic behave and forestry states in drainage basin during different periods, some results of forestry hydrologic effect have obtained.