硬质合金刀具切削Ti6Al4V的磨损机理及特征

Study on Tool Wear Mechanism and Characteristics of Carbide Tools in Cutting Ti6Al4V

为研究硬质合金刀具在不同切削速度下切削钛合金时,刀具材料中的合金成分对刀具磨损机理及特征的影响,采用YG8、YT15和YW2三种牌号的硬质合金刀具进行干切削Ti6Al4V试验。研究切削速度分别为48 m/min、71 m/min、100 m/min时,三种硬质合金刀具的磨损形貌与磨损机理,分析在低、中、高速切削时三种刀具的磨损机理对其磨损速度的影响。结果表明:低速切削时三种刀具均以黏结磨损为主;高速切削时YG8刀具仍以黏结磨损为主,YT15刀具在发生黏结磨损的同时会产生一定程度的扩散磨损和氧化磨损,YW2刀具的磨损中黏结磨损、扩散磨损和氧化磨损占据同样地位;高速切削时选用YW类刀具更为适合。

To study the influence of the tool alloy composition on tool wear mechanism and characteristics under different cutting speed while cutting Ti6AI4V with the carbide tool, the dry cutting tests are done by YG8, YT15 and YW2 three carbide tools. The wear morphology and wear mechanism are studied at cutting speed of 48 m/rain, 71 m/min and 100 rn/min. It is analyzed that the wear mechanism influence on the rate of tool wear the under low, medium and high cutting speed. The results show that the adhesion wear is the main wear way of three tools at low-speed cutting, and at high-speed cutting the adhesion wear is dominant for YG8, and along with a certain extent of diffusion and oxidation wear the adhesion wear happens for YT15, and the adhesion, diffusion and oxidation wear are equally important wear way for YW2. It is suit to adopt YW carbide tool in high-speed cutting.