从意识形态符号学角度看社会谚语

On Social Proverbs: An Ideological Semiotics Perspective

社会谚语包含了很多人生哲学和道德准则,像镜子一样,映射着社会生活的方方面面。社会谚语又是语言和文化的集合,蕴藏着丰富的文化信息,所以对社会谚语的研究大多是从文化的角度,前苏联著名语言学家巴赫金提出的意识形态符号学理论就是其中一种。巴赫金符号学理论将话语作为典型的意识形态符号,社会谚语是典型的话语,所以具有意识形态的功能。意识形态是自然和社会在人头脑中的反射和折射,受文化模式如世界观、价值观的影响。这些模式来自于文化的深层结构。意识形态符号又包含了文化深层结构的内容。从这点上理解,意识形态符号就是文化符号。文化深层结构以社会谚语作为表现形式,渗透到个人的意识中去。那么抽象的文化观念就变成了具体的感知和行为。所以文化能够长久。

Social proverb contains life philosophies and moral principles, like a mirror, reflects social life. Aggregated by culture and knowledge, social proverb stores abundant cultural informanation. Studies on proverb are mainly from cultural perspective, ideological semiotics theory proposed by former Soviet Union linguist Bakhtinian is one of them. Ideological semiotics takes utterance as the typical semiotics. As proverb is the typical utterance, so it has the semiotic function. Ideology is the reflection and refraction of nature and culture on human brain, which influenced by cultural pattern such as world view, value. These patterns originate from deep culture structure. Ideological semiotics contains the contents of culture structure. So, ideological semiotics is the culture semiotics. Deep culture structure, taking form of proverb, penetrates into individual mind, thus abstract culture concept can transfonns into concrete behavior. So, culture can endure.