影响低出生体重儿发生率的相关危险因素分析

Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Infants

目的分析影响低出生体重儿(low birth weight infant,LBWI)发生率的危险因素,以便采取相应预防措施。方法用病例对照的研究方法,通过病例资料和产科分娩登记本,比较分析405例LBWI儿与381例正常出生体重儿在产妇年龄、胎数、孕周、胎膜早破、妊娠高血压综合征、务工、孕期食欲、产检次数等方面的差异。结果产妇的年龄(<20岁)、胎数、孕周、胎膜早破、妊娠高血压综合征、务工、孕期食欲差、产检次数<6次与LBWI儿的发生率有相关性(P<0.05),多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示:产妇的年龄(<20岁)、多胎、早产、妊娠高血压综合征、务工、孕期食欲差、产检次数<6次是引起LBWI儿的较危险因素。结论 LBWI儿由孕期食欲差、早产、多胎、产妇年龄等独立危险因素引起,可采取相应的预防措施以降低其发生率。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of low birth weight infant （LBWI）, so as to take corresponding preventive measures. Methods Through the case datum and obstetric delivery book, maternal age, parity, gestational weeks, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, jobs, pregnancy appetite, antenatal examination times were compared between 405 puerpera with low birth weight infants and 381 cases with normal birth weight infants for a case-control study. Results Single factor analysis showed maternal age （〈 20 years）, parity, gestational weeks, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension,jobs, poor appetite, antenatal examination times 〈6 were statistically significant factors of LBW-I （P〈0. 05）. Multiple factor stepwise Logistic regression analysis revealed the maternal age （〈20 years） , multiple pregnancy, preterm birth,pregnancy induced hypertension during pregnancy,jobs, poor appetite, antenatal examination times ~ 6 were risk factors of low birth weight infants. Conclusion Preterm Low birth weight infants, multiple pregnancy,pregnancy poor appetite were independent risk factors of LNWI, medical staff should take corresponding preventions to decrease the incidence of LBWI.