ICU感染病原菌的检出率及其耐药性分析

An Analysis of the Detection Rate and Drug Resistance of Infection with Pathogenic bacteria in ICU

目的:回顾性的分析某医院重症监护室(ICU)2012年1月1日至2012年12月31日之间感染病原菌的分布及其耐药情况。方法:用VITET-2Compact60全自动微生物分析仪鉴定细菌,K-B纸片扩散法做体外药敏试验,统计、分析细菌的检出率和药敏结果。结果:799份ICU标本,医院感染分离菌株249株,检出率31.16%。首位是洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(60株,24.10%),其次鲍曼不动杆菌(55株,22.09%),第三是肺炎克雷伯菌(39株,15.66%)。分离菌中标本来源痰和咽拭子最常见,其次静脉血、静脉导管。洋葱假单胞、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、人葡萄球菌及金黄色葡萄球菌对多种抗菌药物均具有较高的耐药性。结论:医院感染病原菌中以非发酵菌的检出率最高,其次是肺炎克雷伯菌并且耐药性强。因此治疗医院感染病原菌所致的感染性疾病应根据体外药敏试验结果选用敏感的抗菌药物,减低耐药率。

Objective： To make a retrospective analysis of the infection pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance in hospital intensive care unit （ICU） from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012. Methods： The identification of bacteria and susceptibility test were performed by using automatic bioanalysis- VITET-2 Compact 60 and Kirby-Bauer methods; the detection rate and the drug sensitivity results of bacterial were analyzed statistically. Results： 799 ICU specimens, 249 strains of hospital infection isolates, the detection rate of 31.16%. The first three bacteria in these samples were： onion burkholderia bacteria topped （60 strains, 24.10% ）, acinetobacter baumannii followed （55 cases, 22.09% ）, klebsiella pneumoniae was the third （39 strains, 15.66%）. Isolated bacteria in sputum specimen source and pharyngeal swab the most common, followed by venous blood and venous catheter. Onion false unit cell, acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and e. coli, staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus aureus were with high resistance to many kinds of antimicrobial agents. Conclusion： The detection rate of fermentation bacteria in nosoeomial infection pathogens is highest, followed by klebsiella pneumoniae and its resistance is strong; so the treatment of hospital infection caused by pathogens of infectious diseases should be selected according to results of fungi susceptibility test in vitro sensitive antimicrobial agents, in order to reduce resistance.