云南边疆某高校护理本科生实习前压力源及应对方式的调查

A Survey Analysis of Pre-Internship Stress Sources and Countermeasures for Students in Nursing Undergraduate Program at a University in Yunnan Province

目的:调查护理本科生实习前的压力源和应对方式,探讨有效引导、管理和减压的方法,帮助护生尽快完成角色转变,以保持其身心健康。方法:选取188名即将进入临床实习的护理学专业本科学生接受压力源调查问卷及应对方式问卷(SCSQ)。结果:实习前的压力源以中高度为主,中度占69.68%、高度占22.34%。排在前5位的压力源分别是:学校操作机会少、担心找不到满意的工作、担心考不上事业单位、担心处理病人紧急情况的能力不够、面对众多课程担心考试成绩太低,实习前护理本科生多采取积极的应对措施。各项压力源与应对方式的相关分析中,学生在操作技能、就业方向两个方面与采取积极应对方式比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:护理本科生实习前压力较大,应加强技能操作的练习、职业能力的培养及就业指导方面的培训,以减轻学生压力。

Objective： To identify pre-intemship stress sources and their countermeasures for students with nursing speciahy in undergraduate program. It further explores efficient ways of guiding, managing, and releasing these stresses to help students transforming their roles in a mentally and physical heahhy route. Methods： It chose 188 samples of undergraduates with nursing specialty fight before their enrollments into a clinical internship, and conducted survey analysis using SCSQ approach. Results： The survey results showed that the overall pre-internship stress mostly reached high to middle level and a few resides on a lower level, occupying 22.34%, 69.68% and 7.97% of total sample size in each level respectively. In the sample, the top-5 stress sources were identified as less chance of practical training, unsatisfying career prospects, and failure in joining a public enterprise, inability in managing emergent medical cases and low scores in course exams. It also found that students took various active measures to counter these stresses. An analysls of correlation between the stress sources and countermeasures showed that, at 5% significance level, students in the sample were most active in handling stresses from chance of practical training and career prospects. Conclusion： The research concludes that improving operating skills, enhancing capability building, strengthening career counseling efforts are three most efficient ways in helping the release of these stresses.