粉末冶金铁基材料的温压与温-模压制

Warm compaction and warm-die compaction of ferrous P/M materials

自温压工艺（ANCORDENSE）用于大量生产迄今已有20年,采用一次压制工艺可将中等-大型尺寸的铁基零件压制到生坯密度7.3g/cm3.本文回顾了温压的应用与最近温压技术的改进.鉴于并非所有零件生产厂家都希望对粉末与压制模具二者进行加热,在利用原先温压工艺经验的基础上,开发出了温-模压制（AncorMax 200）工艺.并将温-模压制用的预混合粉进行了改性,使用的润滑剂含量只有0.4％（质量分数,下同）,从而将生坯密度提高到了7.4g/cm3.温-模压制工艺的改进进一步促进了预混合粉的开发,使用的润滑剂含量已减少至0.2％～0.3％,可达到的生坯密度接近7.5g/cm3.本文概述了温压工艺的基本原理以及温压与温-模压制工艺二者的最新改进.

It is nearly twenty years since warm compaction processing （ANCORDENSE） was introduced commercially, permitting medium to large size ferrous P/M parts to be compacted to a green density of 7.3 g/cm3 via single-compaction processing. Subsequent application of the technology will be reviewed along with more recent refinements of the process. Because not all parts makers were prepared to heat both the powder and the compacting tooling, the process of warm-die compaction （AncorMax 200） was developed using experience gained from the original warm compaction program. The initial premixes for warm-die compaction were subsequently modified and with a lubricant content of only 0.4wt% enabled green densities of 7.4 g/cm3 to be reached. Enhancement of this technology has led to the development of premixes with only 0. 2wt% to 0. 3wt% lubricant and green densities of nearly 7. 5 g/cm3 are now achievable. This paper will outline the basis for the original warm compaction process and the more recent enhancements of both warm compaction and warm-die compaction processing.