安多藏语玛曲话里的■(la)类助词

On ladon in Maqu Speech of Amdo Tibetan

■(la)类助词在藏文中是重要的虚词,在现代藏语中依然是活跃的语法标记,它在体系、功能、解释和使用中已经比较明确。通过现代藏语与藏文的比较,不仅可以了解古今的变化和差异,也可以对藏文中这类虚词在使用中的一些情况进行合理的推断和解释,有利于对藏语语法演变的研究。

As an important set of functional words in literary Tibetan, ladon are indeterminate in terms of their morphological forms, functions, interpretation and usage. In modem Tibetan dialects, they are still versatile grammatical markers, yet are determinate in terms of the four aspects mentioned above. A comparison of ladon in modem Tibetan dialects and literary Tibetan will be conducive not only to the understanding of changes and disparities between ancient Tibetan language and its modem dialects, but also to the reasonable inference and interpretation of the usage of such functional words in literary Tibetan, which will enhance the study on the grammatical evolution of Tibetan.