液膜分离富集、测定水中痕量铀

Separation Enrichment and Determination of Trace Uranium in Water with Liquid Membrane

用P291[二(二异丁基甲基)磷酸]、TRIO(三烷基氧膦)协同流动载体,N2O5为表面活性剂,液体石蜡为膜的增强剂,磺化煤油为溶剂,H_2SO_4溶液作内相试剂的乳状液膜体系迁移富集铀(Ⅵ)。研究了乳状液膜的稳定性、温度、铀的浓度、外相pH值、乳水比、油内比等因素对富集铀的影响。实验表明,在此适宜条件下铀的迁移富集率可达99.5％～100.4％,常见共存离子都不迁移富集。此法已用于富集测定水和废水中的痕量铀。

The transport and enrichment of uranium (Ⅵ) with emulsion membrane were investigated. In this liquid membrane system, P 29l[di (diisobutylmethyl) phosphoric acid] and TRPO (Trialkylphosphine oxide) was used as synrgistic mobile carrier, N 205 as surfactant, liquid paraffin as film-strengthening agent, sulphonated kerosene as solvent, and H2SO4 water solution as inner phase. The stability of the emulsion Liquid membrane and the factors affecting the enrichment efficiency of uranium such as temperature, uranium concentration, pH value of outer phase and Rew, Roi etc, have been studied. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of uranium enrichment may arrive 99.5%-100. 4% under an appropriate condition. In this case, many co-existed ions, such as Fe3+, Th4+ , Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, La3+, Y3+,V5+, Mn2+, W6+, Mo6+, Zn2+, Ti4+, Cu2+ , Pb2+ , etc.; A large number of ∑RE3+ , alkali metal alkaline earth metal; can not transport through this emulsion liquid membrane. Cl- , NO3-, F- ,NO3-,ClO4-,CO_3^(2-), SiO_3^(2-),PO_4^(3-) etc. did not interference. So U(Ⅵ) can be separated from these ions satisfactedly. The method can be applied to enrichment and determination of trace uranium in water and waste water with satisfacted results.