中国旧式制烟业的历史发展及其近代命运

Development of Old System of Chinese Tobacco Industry and its Modern Fate

当前,学术界经常将烟草种植等同于烟草生产,而忽略了旧式制烟业的存在价值及其特殊意义。明清以来,随着烟草种植的广泛发展,旧式制烟业开始产生,并逐渐形成了"全国布局、区域集中"的分布特点。跨区域的广泛流通,使某些地方的旧式制烟业成为区域性的专业化生产中心,并形成了大量的名牌烟品。在机器卷烟工业和手工卷烟业的双重打击下,旧式制烟业并未快速地退出历史舞台,而在抗战时期达到顶峰,并在1949年以后持续存在。中国旧式制烟业由于其特殊的产品属性和手工业形态,在近代变革过程中呈现出更多样化的样态,值得我们进行进一步的系统分析和研究。

Currently, academia often equated the tobacco production to tobacco cultivation, while ignoring the value of old tobacco industry and the special significance. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, along with the extensive development of tobacco planting, the old system of tobacco industry started to produce, and gradually formed a ＂national distribution, the distribution characteristics of regional focus＂. Cross regional wide circulation, so that some parts of the old system of tobacco industry in the formation of regional specialized production center, and formation of a large number of famous brand cigarette. In the machine of cigarette industry and manual cigarette industry under the double blow, the old tobacco industry did not quickly quit the stage of history, but in the period of Anti-Japanese War reached its peak, and in 1949 after persistence. In old China tobacco industry, because of its special attributes of the products and handicraft industry in modem form, in the transformation process of showing a more diverse state, still we need further analysis and research.