力量、功率及弹跳速度之间的关系研究——基于对不同负荷的一项SJ测试

Relationship between Strength,Power and Ballistic Velocity:Based on a Squat Jump Test(SJ)under Different Loading

目的:探讨不同负荷条件下力量、功率及弹跳速度之间的关系。方法:选取22名体育专业学生为测试对象,使用三维测力台(Kistler)对其进行3种负荷(0%BW,30%BW,60%BW)条件下的SJ测试(squat jump test);结果:30%BW条件下的相关性最高且有统计学意义(r=0.451,P<0.05),0%BW负荷条件下的相关性最低且无统计学意义(r=0.383,P>0.05);0%BW和30%BW负荷条件下,力量与速度的相关性比较低且无统计学意义(r0%BW=0.292;r30%BW=0.350),60%BW条件下两者的相关性较高且有统计学意义(r=0.501,P<0.05);3种负荷下功率与速度之间的相关关系有统计学意义(r0%BW=0.728;r30%bw=0.737;r60%BW=0.633)。结论:训练中,单纯发展力量并不一定达到提升功率和速度的目的,这取决于施加的外部负荷的大小,只有在高负荷(60%BW以上)训练条件下才更有利于三者的同步提高。

Objective： To explore the relationship between strength, power and ballistic under different load conditions. Methods： Selected 22 students of physical education as test object, SJ test （Squad Jump Test） was completed by using 3-D force platform （Kistler） under three kinds of load （0%BW, 30% BW, 60%BW）. Results： The correlation between strength and power under different load conditions is not conclusive, under the condition of 30%BW was the highest and reached a significant level（r=-0.451, P〈0.05 ）, O%BW load conditions is the lowest correlation and not significant （r=-0.383, P〉0.05）; cor- relation between the strength and speed of O%BW and 30%BW loading conditions are relatively low and not significant （rO%BW=0.292; r30%BW=0.350）, however, the relationship is relative higher under 60%BW conditions and significantly （r=0.501, P〈0.05）; there was a significant correlation between the power and speed of three load （rO%BW=0.728; r30%bw=0.737; r60%BW=0.633）. Conclusions： Force development simply does not necessarily improve the power and human body movement speed, which is to be influenced by external load; it is to be improved synchronization only in the high load training conditions.