农民工参加医疗保险模式的多样化选择及其影响因素——基于福建省福州市的调查

Rural-urban Migrants' Diverse Choices of Medical Insurance Programs and Their Determinants: An Empirical Analysis Based on a Survey in Fuzhou

利用2009年福州市的抽样调查数据,对农民工参加医疗保险模式的意愿及其影响因素进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,农民工医疗保险的参保意愿分为参加城镇职工医疗保险、参加新型农村合作医疗保险和暂时不参加3种不同的选择.这种多样化的选择特征不仅受制于其个人和就业特征,同时还与其流动状态和流迁方向的多元分化密切相关,而且决定农民工参加何种医疗保险的影响因素集中体现了现有制度设计中的一些关键要素,例如缴费年限、缴费方式、缴费对象、缴费金额以及统筹层次等问题.

Based on a survey of rural-urban migrants in Fuzhou, this paper analyzes the intention of rural-urban migrants to participate in medical insurance schemes. It describes rural-urban migrants＇ different choices of medical insurance programs, and analyzes their affecting factors. The result shows that migrant workers have three different choices for medical insurance schemes, namely participating in the medical insurance programs for urban employees or residents, joining the new rural cooperative medical scheme, and not planning to join any medical insurance programs for the time being. The di- verse choices of medical insurance programs are not only affected by migrants＇ individual and employ- ment characteristics, but also associated with their complicated and diversified mobility patterns. Fur- thermore, the determinants of their choices reflect some key factors of the institutional design in the existing medical insurance system, such as the length of payment, the premium level, ways of payment, contributors of the system and their obligations, and the level of overall pooling of the system.