阶级斗争的“弱化”与资本主义的“前途”---基于哈贝马斯重建历史唯物主义的视角

The Weakening of Class Struggle and the Prospect of Capitalism ——On the Basis of Habermas' View of Reconstructing the Historical Materialism

哈贝马斯通过分析当代资本主义社会的新特征,指出历史唯物主义已不再适用于解释当代资本主义社会,需要进行重建。他在重建历史唯物主义的过程中,指出当代资本主义社会的阶级与阶级斗争均已弱化,社会的主要问题不再是阶级矛盾,而是合法性危机;合法性危机可以通过其重建的社会进化理论得以克服,因此,资本主义社会的发展不再是通过阶级斗争来实现,而是通过生活世界中交往理性的发展得以实现。哈贝马斯对当代资本主义社会的剖析和乐观论断充分暴露了他的资产阶级立场。

Through an analysis of the new features of the contemporary capitalist society, Habermas points out that historical materialism no longer applies in interpreting the contemporary capitalist society and needs to be reconstructed. During reconstructing the historical materialism, Habermas thinks the class and the class struggle of the contemporary capitalist society is weakened, and the maim problem of the contemporary capitalist society is no longer class contradic- tion but the crisis of legitimacy, which can be overcome by his reconstructed social evolution theory. In his views, the progress of the contemporary capitalist society does not depend on the class struggle, but relies on the developing of the communicative rationality in the life-world. All of this reveals the bourgeois stand of Habermas.