后殖民主义：历史与理论

Postcolonialism:History of and Theory

后殖民主义是一个具有异质性、浮动性、杂糅性和迁徙性等特征的概念。从这一概念的演变历程来看,它先后被用做具有时间性的历史分期的术语;指称殖民地社会文化互动的后殖民文学;殖民话语分析的后殖民理论;描述殖民主义时期之后全球状况的一种话语;以及反对全球化时代下不平等的激进主义的政治和哲学。其研究领域也从最初的政治学领域转向文学和文化批评领域,并经发展具有了广泛的跨学科性质。后殖民主义作为一个理论批评策略的集合体,其特质就在于它对殖民主义的检讨深入到了"文化的层面"。它既要对殖民主义赖以运作和发挥效力的意识形态机制加以分析和批判;又要将这一批判性视域引入现时代全球权力的结构中,以质疑全球化时代下新的不平等和不公正,并从文化和知识层面探寻对抗的可能。

The concept of postcolonialism has such characteristics of being heterogeneous, floating, hybrid and migratory. Judging from the course of the evolution of the concept, it has been used as a temporal term referred to the historical stage, as the post-colonial literature alleged colonial social and cultural interaction, as the post-colonial theory for colonial discourse analysis, as a discourse describing the global status after colonial period, and as a radicalism in politics and philosophy against inequality in the era of globalization. As far as its research field was concerned, it has shifted from the original field of politics to the field of literary and cultural criticism, and now to a wide range of interdisciplinary nature. As an aggregate of the theoretical critical strategy, the trait of this theory is that its review on colonialism has gone deep into a ＂cultural level＂ . It should not only be analytical and critical to the ideology mechanism which colonialism can depend on and take effect, but also introduce the critical sight into the global power structure at the present day, to challenge the new inequality and injustice in the era of globalization, and to explore the possibility of confrontation from the cultural and intellectual level.