汉语“出”类趋向补语的语法化

The Grammaticalization of the Directive Complement Chu

运用语法化理论及认知语言学的相关原理研究"出"类趋向补语的语法化:从历史发展来看,"V出"成为真正的动补结构应该在东汉,但其结果义一直到唐五代时期才发展成熟;从虚化机制来看,"V出"的虚化主要是隐喻和重新分析两种机制共同作用的结果,隐喻导致其意义从实到虚,从具体到抽象,重新分析导致其结构从连动转变为动补。

The author reviews the grammaticalization of the directive complement chu. Diachronically, it was in the period of Eastern Han Dynasty that the ＂verb＋chu＂ Structure started to be used as a ＂VC＂ grammatical unit. And it was not until the periods of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties that its result-indicating function matured. As for the quantitative and qualitative result-indicating functions, they both were initiated in Eastern Han Dynasty and matured in Tang Dynasty. As for the grammaticalization cause, the grammaticalization of ＂V＋chu＂ is the result of common fimction from the two causes of metaphor and reanalysis which is as the same as most of the directive complement structures. Metaphor results in changing meaning from content to gramative, from concret to abstract of ＂V＋chu＂ . Reanalysis results in the structural changing from continuous action to a structure of ＂VC＂ .