从文学作品的翻译看英汉句式差异

Viewing the Differences in Sentence Structure between English and Chinese from the Translation of Literary Works

因受东西方地理、历史文化和思维方式的影响，英汉句式差异显著。英语中以长句居多，句子常用被动语态，以无生命的事物作主语；反之，汉语以短句见长，句子常用主动语态，以人为主语的情况较多。这种句式差异在文学作品中有明显的体现。文学作品的翻译要符合目标语使用者的语言表达习惯，而不能生搬硬套，因此在文学作品的翻译过程中必须考虑到英汉语句式的差异。

The differences in sentence structures between English and Chinese are obvious owing to the effects of eastern and western ge- ography, history, culture and thinking patterns. Long sentences dominate English, in which passive voice is often applied and the sub- jects are usually inanimate objects. On the contrary, in Chinese, short sentences are frequently used and active voice is applied. The subjects in Chinese are human beings in many cases. These differences are evidently embodied in literary works. Therefore, the transla- tion of literary works must be in consistent with the expressing habit of language users, instead of translating mechanically. Only when the differences in sentence structures between English and Chinese are considered and the sentence structures are changed properly, can the translation be more smooth and natural with no uncomfortable feelings.