幸福感述论

A probe into the sense of happiness

"幸福"是个体重大需要和欲望的满足,在本质上是一种判断标准。每个人所接受的社会主流价值观的种类和多少不同,其幸福标准也不尽相同。个体正是依据自身的幸福标准来衡量自身幸福的程度。幸福感是个体感知到自己的重大需要和欲望满足后的一种心理体验,除了受到自身幸福标准的影响外,还受到个体的遗传因素、人格特质以及思维方面差异的影响。干预幸福、提升个体幸福感是幸福社会建设的主题。干预幸福应从需要与欲望的调节与满足入手。需要与欲望的调节,除了采用幸福观教育的形式外,更应通过缩小个体间差距、保证公平公正以影响个体幸福参照标准的形式来实现;需要与欲望的满足方面,除了提升影响幸福的一般性客观要素水平外,应通过深入细致的专业化社会工作来协调个体的主客观世界,提升幸福感。

＂Happiness＂ is the Satisfaction of an individual＇s great need and desire, which is essentially a standard of judg- ment. However, the standard of happiness is sometimes slightly different for the variety and number of main current value that everybody accepts are different. And the individual judges his own degree of happiness just according to his own standard of happiness. The sense of happiness is a kind of psychological experience after the individual feels that his own great need and desire are satisfied. It is influenced also by heredity, personality and thinking diversity besides the individual＇s own critetion. Therefore, intervening happiness and elevating happiness are the theme of constructing happy society. And happiness interven- tion should be set about by adjusting and satisfying the individual＇s needs and desires. And the adjustment of the individual＇s needs and desires can be realized by affecting the individual＇s happiness reference standard in the form of education of correct happiness view, especially of shortening the individual＇s diversity and also of ensuring fairness; As for the satisfaction of, the individual＇s need and desire, on one hand, the level of the general objective factors affecting his happiness shou]d be raised; on the other hand, the individual＇s subjective and objective world should be coordinated by thorough and specialized social work so that the sense of happiness can be elevated.