反思与借鉴:英美国家第二语言教学法百年流变(1914—2013)

Reflection and Enlightenment: 100-year Development of Second-language Teaching Methods in UK and USA

一战以来,英美国家第二语言教学法的变革经历了从偏重形式的语言教学向注重交际能力,从以教师为中心的理念向以学生为中心的理念,从对学生片面能力的培养向对学生全面能力的培养的转变,这一系列的转变对后来的第二语言教学发展造成了深远的影响。20世纪70年代末,出现了重视教学大纲设计、强调人际关系、强调语言学习研究的思想,以及一些新的教学方法。几种思想、方法进一步整合,最终形成了基于交际理念的任务型教学法。英美国家第二语言教学的变革,给当今中国的第二语言教学法改革以启迪,那就是把握社会潮流,应运而动,在合作的前提下进行教学实验,同时还不能为舆论所左右。

Since the First World War, second-language teaching methods in the UK and USA have undergone a shift from emphasis on linguistic forms to that on language competence, from teacher- centered to students-centered, and from one sole skill to communicative skills. This shift has greatly influenced the development of second-language teaching. At the end of the 1970s, new ideas such as emphasis on syllabuses, human relations and language learning as well as some new methods were put forward. With the integration of these ideas and methods, the task-based teaching method came into being. The reform of second-language teaching methods in UK and USA have shed much light on the reform of China＇s second-language teaching methods, that is, it is necessary to keep up with the times and carry out teaching reforms with a team spirit while avoidin~ following the fashion.