摘要
研究于 1 994年～ 1 997年进行了小区试验 ,通过麦秸覆盖和小麦残茬覆盖对夏玉米田小气候的影响 ,揭示了夏玉米节水增产的物理机制和提高水分有效消耗的生物学过程。试验表明 ,夏玉米实行麦秸覆盖和残茬覆盖后 ,地面热量平衡发生明显变化 ,湍流热通量增大 ,而潜热通量减少 ,从而使地面温度降低 ,有效地抑制了土壤水分蒸发 ,使土壤湿度增大 ,因而有利于促进植株蒸腾 。
Mulching is one of the effective measures for saving water in agriculture. By studying the effects of straw and wheat residue mulching on microclimate of summer corn field in 1994~1997, the physical mechanism of water saving and yield increasing and the biological process of raising effective rate of water use were revealed. It demonstrates that heat balance of the earth surface mulched with straw or wheat tesidue changed markedly compared with non mulched plots. The turbulent heat flux increased, while the latent heat flux decreased. Consequently, the temperature on the earth surface was reduced and soil evaporation was controlled, leading to increase of soil water content and promoting transpiration of summer corn. It is favourable to the transformation of water use from invalid to valid use and thus raise water use efficiency.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第2期19-24,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
1994年中国气象局应用开发项目"残茬覆盖夏玉米节水增产开发应用研究"
关键词
夏玉米
秸秆覆盖
残茬覆盖
小气候
summer corn
straw mulching
residue mulching
microclimate
