中国古代的合朔推步算法分析

An Analysis of the New Moon Algorithm in Ancient Chinese Calendars

朔是中国古代天文学中一个十分重要的概念。给出定朔算法的现代模型和重建模型,并依此分析中国古代历法中的合朔推步算法,梳理了从《乾象历》到《大统历》中国传统历法中合朔算法的变化和演进过程,指出中国古代大多数历法的合朔算法都是不完整的,仅有《大业历》、《皇极历》和《大统历》等少数几部历法的算法与重建模型一致。

The new moon is a very important concept in ancient Chinese astronomy. The mod- em model and reconstruction model of the real new moon algorithm are given in this paper, and then the new moon algorithms in ancient Chinese calendars are analysed. The change and the evolution of the new moon algorithm in Chinese traditional calendars from Qianxiang Calendar to Datong Calen- dar are combed. It is pointed that the new moon algorithm in most ancient Chinese calendars are incom- plete except Daye Calendar, Huangji Calendar and Datong Calendar whose algorithms are approxima- tion to the reconstruction model.