云贵高原小流域生态系统治理效益研究——以云南省牟定县龙川河小流域为例

Benefit of Small Watershed Ecosystem Harness in Yunnan Guizhou Plateau

利用卫星遥感技术、径流小区集水技术与水土保持生态经济效益评价方法对 1989年开始治理的龙川河小流域土壤侵蚀、土地利用现状、水土保持林蓄积量、流域林草覆盖率进行了比较研究 ,定量地探讨了龙川河小流域治理和维护 8a来生态、经济及社会效益情况。研究表明 ,以小流域为单元的水土流失治理 ,生态系统功能的增强十分显著 。

The satellite remote sensing technology, the method of the surface runoff collection of erosion plot and the evaluation method of agricultural eco economy are used to investigate the soil erosion, the situation of land use, the storage volume of soil and water conservation woods, the coverage of forest and grass, the increasing output of grain, the storage volume of closure preserved forest and young growth in restored Longchuan small watershed, Muding county, Yunnan province, which has been harnessed for 8 years. It indicates that after five year harness and preservation, the soil erosion amount decreases from 594.00 [KG-8]t of 1989 to 177.00 t of 1997, as occupies 29.7% of the 1989s erosion amount. Among the types of land use, the square of dry land decreases 499.40 hm\+2; the one of terrace increases 517 [KG-8]hm\+2; the square of man made woods increases 9 [KG-8]484 [KG-8]hm\+2. The storage amount of soil and water conservation woods is 223 [KG-8]460 [KG-8]m\+3 per year and that of closure preserved forest and young growth is 53 [KG-8]171 [KG-8]m\+3. The coverage of forest and grass goes up to 74.6% of 1997 from 38.95% of 1989; the total amount of grain is 2.89×10 7 kg, increased by 34.3%; the amount of agricultural product is 4 [KG-8]935 [KG-8]kg/hm\+2; the pure income of a farmer is 511 [KG-8]yuan.