《草叶集》在中国大陆的译介与传播

Translation and Communication of Leaves of Grass in China's Mainland

惠特曼是对中国新诗影响较大的诗人之一,其《草叶集》在中国大陆的译介已有90多年的历史。在中国文学与历史现代化的不同阶段,《草叶集》的译介与传播发挥着不同的作用:在五四时期,它是民主的象征与革命的艺术符码;在抗战时期它是救亡图存、鼓舞人心的战斗号角;在文革以后,它是张扬自我、独自喧哗的一棵大树。它在中国大陆的本土化过程恰恰彰显了传播者与接受者自身的品格。

Walt Whitman is one of the poets to a greater influence on the Chinese new poetry. The translation of Leaves of Grass in the mainland of China has a history of more than 90 years. At various stages of the modernization of Chinese literature and history,the translation and dissemination of this poetry plays a different role. In the May Fourth period,it is the symbol of the democratic and revolutionary art codes. During the Anti-Japanese War,it is a inspiring battle horn for saving our nation from subjugation. After the Cultural Revolution,it is a big tree,publicizing itself and singing alone. So,its localization process in China just highlights the communicator and the receiver's own character.