滇楸体胚发生及生理生化特性研究

Somatic embryogenesis and the physiological and biochemical characteristics in Catalpa fargesii Bur. f. duclouxii( Dode) Gilmour

探讨了滇楸体细胞胚胎发生和发育过程中形态学和解剖学特征及变化,对其发生和发育过程中的一些生理生化特性进行了初步研究。结果表明:(1)滇楸非胚性和胚性愈伤组织在细胞形态和组织结构上差异明显,滇楸体胚起源于单个胚性细胞,经历了单细胞、多细胞、球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚各阶段。(2)在胚性愈伤组织和体细胞胚胎诱导形成及发育早期,3种抗氧化酶(SOD、POD和CAT)活性均提高,而在后期体胚成熟和萌发的过程中3种抗氧化酶的活性变化趋势差异明显。(3)碳、氮类营养物质在胚性愈伤组织内大量积累,为体细胞胚胎发生奠定能量和物质基础;在体胚发育的不同阶段,碳、氮代谢呈现明显的差异。

This paper studied the morphological and anatomical characteristics of somatic embryogenesis in Catalpa fargesii Bur. f. duclouxii（Dode） Gilmour, and some physiological and biochemical characteristics during the process were prelimi- nary analysed. The results showed that： （1） Obvious morphological and anatomical difference between the non-embryonic and embryonic callus was observed. Derived from single embryonic cell, the somatic embryo of Catalpa fargesii duclouxii experienced the stages of muhicellular, globular embryo, heart-shaped embryo, torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledon em- bryo. （2） The activities of the three antioxidant enzymes（ SOD, POD and CAT） were all increased during the formation of embryonic callus and the early stage of embryos development, while the change trends of their activities showed obvious differences in the later stages of embryos maturation and germination. （3） C and N nutrients were largely accumulated in embryonic callus which laid the material and energy foundation for the development of somatic embryos. The metabolic rules of C and N nutrients in different stages of embryo development showed significant changes.