尘肺病患者和尘肺观察对象并发胸膜病变的相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors of Pleural Lesion in Pneumoconiosis Patients and Observation Objects with Pneumoconiosis

目的分析尘肺病患者和观察对象并发胸膜病变的相关因素,为防治尘肺病提供科学依据。方法分析200例尘肺病患者和观察对象(观察组)及120例健康不接尘工人(对照组)的胸膜影像学及临床流行病学资料。结果观察组胸膜病变检出率为65.00%(130例),明显高于对照组的15.00%(18例)(P<0.01)。观察组患者胸膜病变检出率在接尘不同类别、尘肺不同期别、不同接尘工龄、不同年龄、不同工种间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),在不同性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.01)。有色金属冶炼工胸膜病变检出率高于其他类别;从事风钻工种胸膜病变检出率高于其他工种;胸膜病变检出率随工龄、年龄及尘肺期别的增加而增高(P<0.05)。结论粉尘作业工人易于并发胸膜病变。开展胸膜病变临床研究,制定有效防治措施,对于减缓尘肺病程的进展速度、减轻病人痛苦、提高生活质量具有重要的意义。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of pleural lesion in pneumoconiosis patients and observation objects with pneumoconiosis , and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis . Methods The data of pleural imaging and clinical epidemiology of 200 cases of pneumoconiosis （ observation group ） and 120 healthy workers who were not exposed to dust （ control group ） were analyzed .Results The detection rate of pleural lesions of observation group was 65.00%（130 cases）,which was higher than that of control group （15.00%, 18 cases）（P〈0.01）.In the observation group,the detection rate of pleural lesions showed a significant difference among workers exposed to dust of different types ,different pneumoconiosis stages different service years ,different ages or different types of work （ P〈0 .01 ） , but showed no significant difference between male workers and female workers （P〉0.01）.The detection rate of pleural lesions of workers served in nonferrous metallurgy or in drifter work was higher than those served in other types of work ,the detection rate of pleural lesion increased with the increase of service year ,age and pneumoconiosis stage（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Workers exposed to dust might be complicated with pleural lesion easily.It is important to conduct a clinical research on pleural lesion and formulate the effective measures for the prevention and treatment for delaying the progress of pneumoconiosis ,alleviating the patients′pain and improving their quality of life .