经皮扩张气管切开术在危重症患者建立人工气道中的应用

Application of percutaneous dilation tracheotomy in the establishment of artificial airway of critical patients

目的观察经皮扩张气管切开术在危重症患者中的应用价值。方法将我院ICU 38例经皮扩张气管切开术患者(PDT组),与同期40例用传统气管切开术患者(OT组)进行比较,观察手术时间、术中出血量、手术切口大小、拔管后切口愈合时间及术后并发症。结果 PDT组在手术时间、术中出血量、手术切口大小、切口愈合时间明显优于OT组(P<0.01)。术后并发症比较也明显优于OT组(P<0.05)。结论 PDT较OT具有操作简单、创伤小、愈合快、并发症少等优势,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the application value of percutaneous dilation tracheotomy in the estab- lishment of artificial airway of critical patients. Methods This study selected 38 critical patients treated with percu- taneous dilation tracheotomy as the observation group and 40 critical patients treated with traditional tracheotomy as the control group. The following items were observed, which included time of operation, amount of bleeding during operation, size of surgical incision, healing time and postoperative complications. Results The improvement of time of operation, amount of bleeding during operation, size of surgical incision, and healing time was more pronounced in the observation group than in the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The postoperative complications were obviously less in the observation group than in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Percutaneous dilation tracheotomy has the advantages of simple operation, small damage, quick recovery and few complications, while compared with traditional tracheotomy in the treatment of critical patients.