干扰项特征对图—词干扰范式中语义效应的影响

The Influence of Interference Items Features on Semantic Effects in Picture-Word Interference Paradigm

本实验采用眼动方法,运用语义判断任务,探讨图—词干扰范式中干扰词的语义类型和频率在语义一致性判断中的作用。选取总注视时间、凝视点个数,以及区域时间百分比三个眼动指标,研究发现:(1)图—词干扰范式中存在干扰项的频率效应,与低频干扰词相比,高频干扰词使得被试判断的错误率更高,这源于高频干扰词影响被试对干扰词与目标图二者之间语义特征的联想;(2)存在干扰项的语义类型效应,与语义一致的干扰词相比,语义不一致干扰词的注视时间更长,这主要由于两类干扰词的激活速度不同;(3)干扰项的频率和语义类型共同影响了图—词干扰范式中的语义效应;(4)在探讨图—词干扰范式中不可忽略位于图片中央的干扰项的特征。

A picture-word interference paradigm was used to investigate the interference effects of semantic types and word frequency .Eye tracker was used to investigate the picture-word interference effects when subjects were asked to finish a semantic task .Three eye movement index such as total fixation durations , gazing point numbers and regional time percent is chosen to conduct the research .The results showed that ：（1） there were frequency effects and semantic effects among interference items in picture-word para-digm ;subjects made more mistakes for high frequency words than that for low frequency words ,which is due to the semantic association between the interference items and target picture being affected by high fre-quency interference items .（2） More fixation durations were spent in inconsistent conditions than that in consistent conditions ,which is mainly due to stimulation speed differences of two kinds of inteference i-tems .（3） word frequency and semantic type both affected semantic effects ;（4） the feature of interference items which were located in the center of the picture should not be ignored in picture-word interference paradigm .