火电机组变负荷运行特性及节能优化控制系统

Variable Load Operation Characteristic of Power Plant and Energy-saving Optimizing Control System

大容量热力发电机组的调峰运行及热力系统的变工况分析计算一直是热能动力工程领域的研究课题。当火电机组运行远离设计工况时,分析系统的热经济性并给出恰当的运行指导在工程实践中有着十分重要的意义。文章以汽轮机变工况理论为基础,深入揭示了火电机组变负荷工况下的内在特性变化规律,从系统工程的观点出发,跟据热力系统拓扑结构及其热力学状态参数,研究并建立了系统热经济性状态模型。结合优化理论和能耗指标的解析方程给出了机组的最优运行初压,并运用于先进的控制策略中,从而可以实现机组的智能优化控制,以满足机组在更宽的负荷范围内安全经济运行的需求。

The variable load operation of the large capacity thermal power unit and the variable parameter condition＇s calculation of thermodynamic system are important subject for research in thermodynamic engineering field all the time. When the current operation of the thermal power unit is far away from the rated mode, it is very important to analyze the thermo-economy of thermodynamic system and offer appropriate operation guidance in engineering practices. Based on the steam turbine＇s variable parameter condition theory, this article shows the inherent characteristic of power unit under off-design condition. From the viewpoint of systematic engineering, according with thermodynamic topological structure and thermodynamic state parameter,the state model of thermo-economy has been studied and set up. Combined with the optimization theory and the analytic equation of the energy consumption index, the optimum operational main steam pressure has been offered and it has been applied to the advanced control strategy. Thus the intelligent optimum control can be put into effect, and then the units can meet the demand for safe economical opera- tion within the wider range of load.