老年住院患者在肾素血管紧张素醛固酮检验中预防跌倒的措施

Anti-fall measures in elderly patients during plasma renin-angiotensinaldosterone test

目的探讨老年住院患者在肾素血管紧张素醛固酮血浆检验中预防跌倒的相关措施。方法选择浙江医院2012年5月～2013年5月行。肾素血管紧张素醛固酮血浆检验的住院患者177例，随机将患者分为观察组89例，对照组88例，对照组给予常规护理措施，观察组给予患者防跌倒综合干预措施。采用独立性功能测量（FIM）量表进行日常生活能力评定，采用自我护理能力实施量表（ESCA）调查患者的适应与自我护理能力。结果①观察组患者行高血压三项检验时未发生跌倒：对照组患者发生6例次的跌倒，但未有骨折等严重并发症。②两组患者出院时FIM量表评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。出院后3、6个月观察组FIM量表评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③观察组患者出院后3、6个月在ESCA总分、自我护理责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平、自我概念等项均明显优于对照组同时期，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论对住院患者行高血压三项检验中实施针对性的跌倒干预措施，能有效避免跌倒的发生。

Objective To explore the anti-fall measures in hospitalized elderly patients during plasma renin-angiotensin- aldosterone test. Methods 177 cases of plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone test from May 2012 to May 2013 in Zhejiang Hospital were selected and divided into observation group with 89 cases and control group with 88 cases ran- domly. Conventional nursing measures were used in control group, the observation group was treated with anti-fall measures. F[M scale was used to evaluate the activity of daily living; adaptation and self care ability of patients were tested by ESCA scale. Results ①No fall was found in observation group; 6 cases with falls were found in control group, no fracture was found. ②The differences of FIM scale scores when out of the hospital of the two groups were not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05）. FIM scale scores in observation group 3, 6 months after the hospital were higher than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. ③The total score of ESCA, self nurs- ing skills, self nursing responsibility, self-concept and health knowledge level in observation group were all better than those of control group after post-discharge of 3, 6 months, the differences were all statistically significant （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Targeted anti-fall measures can effectively prevent the fall accidents in hospitalized patients during plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone test.