微小RNA与甲状腺癌的关系及其研究进展

Relationship between microRNA and thyroid carcinoma

微小RNA(miRNA)是新近发现的长约22核苷酸(nt)的非编码单链RNA,其通过与靶mRNA互补结合,降解mRNA或阻止其翻译,从而对基因进行转录后表达的调控。微小RNA作为一种调控因子,在调节细胞分化、生长、增殖、代谢和凋亡中起重要作用,其异常表达与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。近年来,研究发现多种miRNA在不同类型甲状腺癌中表达异常,表明miRNA可能在甲状腺癌的发生、发展过程中有重要的作用。现就miRNA与甲状腺癌关系的研究进展做一综述。

MieroRNA （miRNA） are single-stranded non-coding RNAs molecules of approximately 22 nueleotides that function as posttranscriptional gene regulators by base-pairing with their target mRNA where they either repress trans- lation or direct destructive cleavage. MiRNA as regulatory RNA are involved in cell differentiation, growth, prolifera- tion,metabolism and apoptosis. The dysregulation of miRNA is eiosely associated with occurrence and progression of human tumors. In recent year, several studies have found that miRNA dysregulated expression exist in different patho- logical types of thyroid carcinoma, and that miRNA may play an important role in the occurrence and development of thyroid carcinoma. This review focused on miRNA and its correlation with thyroid carcinoma.