湿地分类和湿地景观分类研究进展

Advance in Wetland Classification and Wetland Landscape Classification Researches

湿地景观研究是近20多年来发展迅速的研究领域之一,极大地丰富和推进了湿地学的发展。湿地景观研究体现的是湿地学与景观方法的有机结合。湿地景观分类是通过建立等级分类系统,全面反映研究区湿地景观的空间分异和组织关联,揭示其空间结构与功能特征,是湿地景观研究的基础。首先,对湿地景观的概念进行剖析;然后,从湿地分类和湿地景观分类两方面,阐述国内外相关研究的进展和现状,并诠释两者之间的联系和区别;在此基础上,总结目前有关湿地景观分类研究存在的问题,提出未来湿地景观分类研究的重点和发展趋势。

The wetland landscape research, as a new hotspot in last 20 years, has promoted the development of the wetland science. Wetland classification on landscape scale is a complex process which integrates method- ology of wetland ecology and landscape ecology. The wetland landscape classification is the basis of land- scape analysis of the wetlands, which can comprehensively reflect the spatial heterogeneities and their associa- tions with the wetland landscape, and reveal its spatial structural characteristics and functions by establishing hierarchical classification system. In this paper, the concepts of the wetland classification and wetland land- scape classification were paraphrased. Advance in the researches of wetland classification and wetland land- scape classification was reviewed and analyzed from domestic and abroad. The relationships between the wet- land classification and wetland landscape classification were interpreted. The development trend and the prob- lems existed on the researches of wetland landscape classification were pointed out. The classification scales were often overlooked in a given geographical condition; the wetland landscape classification, which was mainly on the basis of land use/cover, was simple. Further work is needed in classification system of the wet- lands, due to lacking the classification system of the urban wetlands which is the hotspot and new area on the study of the wetlands. In future, attention should be paid to from the three aspects as shown above.