溶血现象对临床生化检验项目的影响及预防对策

Influence of hemolysis on the clinical biochemical inspection items and its prevention measures

目的探讨溶血现象对临床生化检验项目的影响及预防对策。方法选取2013年8月15日本院40例体检者的血液标本为研究对象,血样4 ml,分别置于2支试管中,其中1支采用人工方法使其溶血,设为观察样,另一份血样置于肝素管,设为对照样。对2份样本进行临床常规生化检测,主要观察血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)]、血糖(GLU)、肝功能指标[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)]、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、血尿酸(UA)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)以及血钾(K+)等。结果观察样中ALT、AST、LDH、K+、TC均高于对照样,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。观察样ALP低于对照样,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组TG、BUN、GLU、UA、Cr差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论溶血现象会影响临床生化检验项目的准确性,应该采取必要的预防性措施,严格检验各个环节,保证报告的真实性和准确性。

Objective To investigate the influence of hemolysis on the clinical biochemical inspection items and its prevention measures. Methods Blood preparations of 40 physical examination people in our hospital on August 15 in 2013 were selected as research objects. Blood sample （4 ml） was put into 2 test tubes respectively. Hemolysis in one of the 2 tubes was accomplished by manual method, which was named as observation sample. The other one was placed in heparin tube as control sample. Regular clinical biochemical inspection items of 2 samples were determined including blood lipid [total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）], glucose （GLU）, liver function indexes [alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）], lactic dehydrogenase （LDH）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, uric acid （UA）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, creatinine （Cr）, and serum potassium（K ~）. Results The levels of ALT, AST, LDH, K~ and TC in the observation sample were all higher than those in the control sample with statistical differences （P〈0.05）. The ALP level in the observation sample was lower than that in the control sample with statistical difference（P〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference in TG, BUN, GLU, UA and Cr in two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The hemolysis will in- fluence the accuracy of clinical biochemical inspection items, which needs to take some necessary prevention measures. Every step in the process of inspection should be strict in order to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the report.